Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 6
These, and the occasional boulders, round which they raced, or over which they scrambled; the solitary tree which dozed aloof and beautiful in the path, the occasional clump of trees that hived sweet shadow as a hive hoards honey, and the rustling grass that stretched to infinity, and that moved and crept and swung under the breeze in endless, rhythmic billowings.
Who acts: men, solitary tree, occasional clump, rustling grass, that · What happens: race, scramble, doze, hive, stretch, move · To what, where: occasional boulders, path, sweet shadow, infinity, breeze
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, solitary tree, occasional clump, rustling grass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 boulders | det |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 boulders | punct |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 boulders | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 boulders | det |
| 5 | occasional | occasional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 boulders | amod |
| 6 | boulders | boulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 raced | punct |
| 8 | round | round | ADP | _ | 9 which | case |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 raced | obl |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 raced | nsubj |
| 11 | raced | race | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 boulders | acl:relcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 scrambled | punct |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 scrambled | cc |
| 14 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 which | case |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 scrambled | obl |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 scrambled | nsubj |
| 17 | scrambled | scramble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 raced | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 tree | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 tree | det |
| 20 | solitary | solitary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 tree | amod |
| 21 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 boulders | nmod |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 dozed | nsubj |
| 23 | dozed | doze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 tree | acl:relcl |
| 24 | aloof | aloof | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 dozed | xcomp |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 beautiful | cc |
| 26 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 aloof | conj |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 path | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 path | det |
| 29 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 dozed | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 clump | punct |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 clump | det |
| 32 | occasional | occasional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 clump | amod |
| 33 | clump | clump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 tree | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 trees | case |
| 35 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 clump | nmod |
| 36 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 hived | nsubj |
| 37 | hived | hive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 clump | acl:relcl |
| 38 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 shadow | amod |
| 39 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 hived | obj |
| 40 | as | as | ADP | _ | 44 honey | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 honey | det |
| 42 | hive | hive | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 hoards | compound |
| 43 | hoards | hoard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 honey | compound |
| 44 | honey | honey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 hived | obl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 grass | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 grass | cc |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 grass | det |
| 48 | rustling | rustling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 grass | compound |
| 49 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 tree | conj |
| 50 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 stretched | nsubj |
| 51 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 grass | acl:relcl |
| 52 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 infinity | case |
| 53 | infinity | infinity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 stretched | obl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 moved | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 moved | cc |
| 56 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 57 moved | nsubj |
| 57 | moved | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 tree | conj |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 crept | cc |
| 59 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 moved | conj |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 swung | cc |
| 61 | swung | swing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 moved | conj |
| 62 | under | under | ADP | _ | 64 breeze | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 breeze | det |
| 64 | breeze | breeze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 swung | obl |
| 65 | in | in | ADP | _ | 69 billowings | case |
| 66 | endless | endless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 billowings | amod |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 endless | punct |
| 68 | rhythmic | rhythmic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 billowings | amod |
| 69 | billowings | billowing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 61 swung | obl |
| 70 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 boulders | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | race | past | men = man | this occasional boulders the solitary tree and the occasional clump of trees and the rustling grass | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round which=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | scramble | past | men = man | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over which=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | doze | past | the solitary tree and the occasional clump of trees and the rustling grass | the path | aloof property | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | hive | past | the occasional clump of trees | sweet shadow | as a hoards honey | tree rules | |||
| 5 | stretch | past | the rustling grass | infinity | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to infinity=Location | ||||
| 6 | move | past | that | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | creep | past | that not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | swing | past | that not said here | the breeze | in endless rhythmic billowings | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme under breeze=Source in billowing=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/33/6/