Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter II, sentence 4

Into this gloomy drain Fionn descended and made progress, but when he had penetrated deeply in the dank forest he heard a sound of thumping and squelching footsteps, and he saw coming towards him a horrible, evil-visaged being; a wild, monstrous, yellow-skinned, big-boned giant, dressed in nothing but an ill-made, mud-plastered, drab-coloured coat, which swaggled and clapped against the calves of his big bare legs.

Who acts: Fionn, sound, coloured coat · What happens: descend, make, penetrate, hear, thump, squelch · To what, where: gloomy drain, progress, dank forest, sound, footsteps, horrible

This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fionn, sound, coloured coat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Into	into	ADP	_	4 drain	case
2	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 drain	det
3	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 drain	amod
4	drain	drain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 descended	obl
5	Fionn	Fionn	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 descended	nsubj
6	descended	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 made	cc
8	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 descended	conj
9	progress	progress	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 made	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 penetrated	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 penetrated	cc
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 penetrated	advmod
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 penetrated	nsubj
14	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 penetrated	aux
15	penetrated	penetrate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 descended	conj
16	deeply	deeply	ADV	_	15 penetrated	advmod
17	in	in	ADP	_	20 forest	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 forest	det
19	dank	dank	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 forest	amod
20	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 penetrated	obl
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 heard	nsubj
22	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 forest	acl:relcl
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 sound	det
24	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 heard	obj
25	of	of	SCONJ	_	26 thumping	mark
26	thumping	thump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	24 sound	acl
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 squelching	cc
28	squelching	squelch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 thumping	conj
29	footsteps	footstep	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 squelching	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 saw	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 saw	cc
32	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 saw	nsubj
33	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 descended	conj
34	coming	come	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 saw	xcomp
35	towards	towards	ADP	_	36 him	case
36	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 coming	obl
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 horrible	det
38	horrible	horrible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 coming	obl
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 horrible	punct
40	evil	evil	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 visaged	amod
41	-	-	PUNCT	_	40 evil	punct
42	visaged	visaged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 horrible	conj
43	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	42 visaged	advcl
44	;	;	PUNCT	_	46 wild	punct
45	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 wild	det
46	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 descended	parataxis
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 monstrous	punct
48	monstrous	monstrous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 wild	conj
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 skinned	punct
50	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 skinned	amod
51	-	-	PUNCT	_	50 yellow	punct
52	skinned	skinned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 wild	conj
53	,	,	PUNCT	_	57 giant	punct
54	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 giant	amod
55	-	-	PUNCT	_	54 big	punct
56	boned	bone	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	57 giant	amod
57	giant	giant	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 skinned	conj
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	59 dressed	punct
59	dressed	dress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	57 giant	acl
60	in	in	ADP	_	61 nothing	case
61	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	59 dressed	obl
62	but	but	CCONJ	_	63 an	cc
63	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	61 nothing	conj
64	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	66 made	compound
65	-	-	PUNCT	_	64 ill	punct
66	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	63 an	acl
67	,	,	PUNCT	_	70 plastered	punct
68	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 plastered	compound
69	-	-	PUNCT	_	68 mud	punct
70	plastered	plaster	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	66 made	conj
71	,	,	PUNCT	_	75 coat	punct
72	drab	drab	ADJ	Degree=Pos	74 coloured	amod
73	-	-	PUNCT	_	72 drab	punct
74	coloured	coloured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	75 coat	amod
75	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	70 plastered	obl:agent
76	,	,	PUNCT	_	78 swaggled	punct
77	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	78 swaggled	nsubj
78	swaggled	swaggl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	75 coat	acl:relcl
79	and	and	CCONJ	_	80 clapped	cc
80	clapped	clap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	78 swaggled	conj
81	against	against	ADP	_	83 calves	case
82	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	83 calves	det
83	calves	calf	NOUN	Number=Plur	80 clapped	obl
84	of	of	ADP	_	88 legs	case
85	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	88 legs	nmod:poss
86	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	88 legs	amod
87	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	88 legs	amod
88	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	83 calves	nmod
89	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 descended	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	descend	past	Fionn		this gloomy drain		vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into drain=Location
2	make	past	Fionn not said here	progress			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset progress=Product
3	penetrate	past · perfect	Fionn		the dank forest	deeply property	vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	hear	past	Fionn	a sound			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus
5	thump	gerund	a sound not said here				vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
6	squelch	gerund	a sound not said here	footsteps			vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footstep=Patient
7	see	past	Fionn				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
8	come	gerund	Fionn not said here	a horrible		towards Fionn	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme towards he=Initial_Location
9	bone	participle					vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
10	dress	participle		big boned giant not said here	nothing		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	make	participle					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
12	plaster	participle					vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
13	swaggl	past	coloured coat				tree rules
14	clap	past	coloured coat not said here			against the calves of Fionn's big bare legs	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against calf=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/49/4/