Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter IV, sentence 13

But Mongan knew what had happened, and he smiled with glee as he watched his astonished companions, and he sniffed that balmy air as one whose nostrils remembered it.

Who acts: Mongan, grass, one · What happens: know, happen, smile, watch, sniff, remember · To what, where: astonished companions, balmy air, air · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IV. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mongan, grass, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	3 knew	cc
2	Mongan	Mongan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 knew	nsubj
3	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 happened	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 happened	aux
6	happened	happen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 knew	ccomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 smiled	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 smiled	cc
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 smiled	nsubj
10	smiled	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 knew	parataxis
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 glee	case
12	glee	glee	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 smiled	obl
13	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 watched	mark
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 watched	nsubj
15	watched	watch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 smiled	advcl
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 companions	nmod:poss
17	astonished	astonished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 companions	amod
18	companions	companion	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 watched	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 sniffed	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 sniffed	cc
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 sniffed	nsubj
22	sniffed	sniff	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 knew	parataxis
23	that	that	SCONJ	_	25 air	mark
24	balmy	balmy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 air	amod
25	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sniffed	obj
26	as	as	SCONJ	_	30 remembered	mark
27	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	30 remembered	nsubj
28	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	29 nostrils	nmod:poss
29	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 remembered	nsubj
30	remembered	remember	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 sniffed	advcl
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 remembered	obj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 knew	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	know	past	Mongan			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	happen	past · perfect				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	smile	past	grass		with glee	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	watch	past	grass	grass's astonished companions		vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent companion=Theme
5	sniff	past	grass	balmy air		vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
6	remember	past	one	air		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/75/13/