Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter VII. “It is not nice of you to laugh at us,” said Fiachna Finn, sentence 40
“Praise be to the gods!” said the man who was above him.
Who acts: Praise, man · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VII. “It is not nice of you to laugh at us,” said Fiachna Finn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Praise, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 be | punct |
| 2 | Praise | praise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 be | nsubj |
| 3 | be | be | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 gods | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 gods | det |
| 6 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 be | obl |
| 7 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 be | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 be | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 man | det |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 him | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 him | cop |
| 14 | above | above | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 man | acl:relcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be in a quote | infinitive | Praise | to the gods | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | the man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | is | past | the man | above Praise | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/78/40/