Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Magic Egg, sentence 117
Yes," replied the old man, "they have."--"Was it long ago?" asked the she-dragon's husband.--"It was while this wheat was being sown," replied the old man.--"Oh!" thought the dragon, "this wheat is ready for the sickle, they couldn't have been this way yesterday," so he turned back.
Who acts: lad, lass, wheat, husband · What happens: reply, have, be, ask, think, not be · To what, where: old man, husband, lass, dragon, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Magic Egg. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lad, lass, wheat, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 replied | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 man | det |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 man | amod |
| 7 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 have | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 have | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 have | nsubj |
| 11 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | parataxis |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 have | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 have | punct |
| 14 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 19 ago | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 ago | punct |
| 16 | Was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 ago | cop |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 ago | nsubj |
| 18 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 ago | advmod |
| 19 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 4 replied | advmod |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 19 ago | punct |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
| 22 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 dragon | det |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 dragon | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 she | punct |
| 26 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 husband | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 dragon | case |
| 28 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 asked | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 39 sown | punct |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 sown | punct |
| 32 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 sown | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 sown | cop |
| 34 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 39 sown | mark |
| 35 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 wheat | det |
| 36 | wheat | wheat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 sown | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 sown | aux:pass |
| 38 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 sown | aux:pass |
| 39 | sown | sow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 replied | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 replied | punct |
| 41 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 42 replied | punct |
| 42 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 sown | parataxis |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 man | det |
| 44 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 man | amod |
| 45 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 replied | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 42 replied | punct |
| 47 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 52 thought | punct |
| 48 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 52 thought | punct |
| 49 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 52 thought | discourse |
| 50 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 49 Oh | punct |
| 51 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 Oh | punct |
| 52 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 replied | conj |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 dragon | det |
| 54 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 thought | obj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 ready | punct |
| 56 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 60 ready | punct |
| 57 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 58 wheat | det |
| 58 | wheat | wheat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 ready | nsubj |
| 59 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 60 ready | cop |
| 60 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 thought | ccomp |
| 61 | for | for | ADP | _ | 63 sickle | case |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 sickle | det |
| 63 | sickle | sickle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 ready | obl |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 71 way | punct |
| 65 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 71 way | nsubj |
| 66 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 71 way | aux |
| 67 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 71 way | advmod |
| 68 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 71 way | aux |
| 69 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 71 way | cop |
| 70 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 71 way | det |
| 71 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 ready | obl |
| 72 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 way | obl:unmarked |
| 73 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 71 way | punct |
| 74 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 77 turned | punct |
| 75 | so | so | ADV | _ | 77 turned | advmod |
| 76 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 77 turned | nsubj |
| 77 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 60 ready | conj |
| 78 | back | back | ADV | _ | 77 turned | advmod |
| 79 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert in a quote | past | the old man | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | have | present | lad | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | past | lass | ago, long property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask in a quote | past | the she dragon's husband | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent husband=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | is | past · passive | lass | sow property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | reply speech: assert in a quote | past | the old man | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent man=Topic | |||||
| 7 | think speech: other in a quote | past | the dragon | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot dragon=Theme | |||||
| 8 | is | present | this wheat | for the sickle; ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | not is a | could · perfect | lad | this way | yesterday | tree rules | |||
| 10 | turn back in a quote | past | husband | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/24/117/