Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Magic Egg, sentence 9
Whenever the beasts came rushing out of the wood to tear the birds to pieces, the birds flew up into the trees; but the birds kept in the air, and hacked and pecked the beasts wherever they could.
Who acts: beasts, birds · What happens: come, rush out, tear, fly up, keep, hack · To what, where: birds, wood, pieces, trees, air, beasts
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Magic Egg. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beasts, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whenever | whenever | ADV | PronType=Rel | 4 came | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beasts | det |
| 3 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 hacked | advcl |
| 5 | rushing | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 came | xcomp |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 wood | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 wood | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 wood | det |
| 9 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 rushing | obl |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 tear | mark |
| 11 | tear | tear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 rushing | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 birds | det |
| 13 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 tear | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 pieces | case |
| 15 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 tear | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 flew | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 birds | det |
| 18 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 flew | nsubj |
| 19 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 pieces | acl:relcl |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 flew | compound:prt |
| 21 | into | into | ADP | _ | 23 trees | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 trees | det |
| 23 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 flew | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 birds | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 birds | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 birds | det |
| 27 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 came | obl |
| 28 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 birds | acl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 air | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 air | det |
| 31 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 kept | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 hacked | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 hacked | cc |
| 34 | hacked | hack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 pecked | cc |
| 36 | pecked | peck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 hacked | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 beasts | det |
| 38 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 pecked | obj |
| 39 | wherever | wherever | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 could | advmod |
| 40 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 could | nsubj |
| 41 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 pecked | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 hacked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the beasts | the birds | whenever property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | rush out | gerund | the beasts not said here | the wood | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wood=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | tear | to-infinitive | the beasts not said here | the birds | to pieces result | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent bird=Patient to piece=Result | |||
| 4 | fly up | past | the birds | pieces not said here | the trees | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent piece=Theme into tree=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | keep | participle | the birds not said here | the air | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in air=Location | ||||
| 6 | hack | past | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | peck | past | the beasts | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beast=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/24/9/