Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 1, sentence 17
He looked all about him as he went, and at last he saw, sitting down, an old goat with two large horns--it was the Devil himself, but of course he didn't know that.
Who acts: man, goat · What happens: look, go, see, sit down, be, not know · To what, where: raven, last, old goat, Devil, that
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, goat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 looked | nsubj |
| 2 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | all | all | ADV | _ | 5 him | advmod |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 him | advmod |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 looked | obl |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 went | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 went | nsubj |
| 8 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 looked | advcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 saw | cc |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 last | case |
| 12 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | obl |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 looked | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sitting | punct |
| 16 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 saw | xcomp |
| 17 | down | down | ADV | _ | 16 sitting | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 goat | punct |
| 19 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 goat | det |
| 20 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 goat | amod |
| 21 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sitting | obl |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 horns | case |
| 23 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 horns | nummod |
| 24 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 horns | amod |
| 25 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 goat | nmod |
| 26 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 30 Devil | punct |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 Devil | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 Devil | cop |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Devil | det |
| 30 | Devil | Devil | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | obl |
| 31 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 30 Devil | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 know | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 39 know | cc |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | ExtPos=ADV | 39 know | advmod |
| 35 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 of | fixed |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 know | nsubj |
| 37 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 know | aux |
| 38 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 know | advmod |
| 39 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 saw | conj |
| 40 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 know | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | man | raven | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | go | past | man | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | see | past | man | last | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | sit down | gerund | man not said here | a old goat with two large horns | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | is a | past | goat | the Devil | man nmod | tree rules | |||
| 6 | not know | past · do-support | man | that | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/25/17/