Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 1, sentence 109
He soon caught them up; and little Tsar Novishny said to the horse, "Oh! little nag, how hot it is.
Who acts: serpent, little Tsar, nag · What happens: catch up, say, be · To what, where: reeds, horse · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (serpent, little Tsar, nag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 caught | nsubj |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 caught | advmod |
| 3 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 caught | obj |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 caught | compound:prt |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Tsar | cc |
| 8 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 Tsar | amod |
| 9 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 10 | Novishny | Novishny | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Tsar | flat |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 caught | conj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 horse | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 horse | det |
| 14 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 nag | punct |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 nag | punct |
| 17 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 20 nag | discourse |
| 18 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 17 Oh | punct |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 nag | amod |
| 20 | nag | nag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | ccomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 hot | punct |
| 22 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 hot | advmod |
| 23 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 nag | amod |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 hot | nsubj |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 hot | cop |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 caught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | catch up | past | serpent | reeds = reed | soon property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | little Tsar | the horse | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to horse=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | nag | hot property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/4/109/