The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 13, sentence 63
On the way they had to cross a ravine which lately had been full of water, but now was quite dry.
Who acts: plans, ravine · What happens: have, cross, be · To what, where: way, ravine
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plans, ravine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 way | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 way | det |
| 3 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obl |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 cross | mark |
| 7 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 had | xcomp |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 ravine | det |
| 9 | ravine | ravine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cross | obj |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 full | nsubj |
| 11 | lately | lately | ADV | _ | 14 full | advmod |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 full | aux |
| 13 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 full | cop |
| 14 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 ravine | acl:relcl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 water | case |
| 16 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 full | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 dry | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 dry | cc |
| 19 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 dry | advmod |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 dry | cop |
| 21 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 22 dry | advmod |
| 22 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 had | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | plans = plan | the way | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | cross | to-infinitive | plans = plan not said here | a ravine | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ravine=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | past · perfect | a ravine | of water; full, lately property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | past | plans = plan not said here | now | dry property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/13/63/