The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 17, sentence 141
However, they all took their places on wooden seats placed round the dead cow, which was laid across the boughs of a fallen tree, and began their dinner, each jackal fixing his eyes greedily on the piece of meat before him.
Who acts: numbers, jackal · What happens: take, place, lay, fall, begin, fix · To what, where: places, wooden seats, dead cow, boughs, dinner, eyes
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (numbers, jackal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | However | however | ADV | _ | 5 took | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 However | punct |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 took | nsubj |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 they | det |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 places | nmod:poss |
| 7 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 took | obj |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 seats | case |
| 9 | wooden | wooden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 seats | amod |
| 10 | seats | seat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 took | obl |
| 11 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 seats | acl |
| 12 | round | round | ADP | _ | 15 cow | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 cow | det |
| 14 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 cow | amod |
| 15 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 placed | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 laid | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 laid | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 laid | aux:pass |
| 19 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 cow | acl:relcl |
| 20 | across | across | ADP | _ | 22 boughs | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 boughs | det |
| 22 | boughs | bough | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 laid | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 tree | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 tree | det |
| 25 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 tree | amod |
| 26 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 boughs | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 began | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 began | cc |
| 29 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 took | conj |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 dinner | nmod:poss |
| 31 | dinner | dinner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 began | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 jackal | punct |
| 33 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 jackal | det |
| 34 | jackal | jackal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dinner | appos |
| 35 | fixing | fix | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 34 jackal | acl |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 37 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 fixing | obj |
| 38 | greedily | greedily | ADV | _ | 35 fixing | advmod |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 piece | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 piece | det |
| 41 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fixing | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 meat | case |
| 43 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 piece | nmod |
| 44 | before | before | ADP | _ | 45 him | case |
| 45 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 began | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | numbers = number | numbers's places | wooden seats | however property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent place=Theme on seat=Destination | ||
| 2 | place | participle | wooden seats not said here | round the dead cow | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | lay | past · passive | the dead cow | the boughs of a fallen tree | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 4 | fall | participle | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | begin | past | numbers = number not said here | numbers's dinner | before Jackal | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinner=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | fix | gerund | each jackal not said here | Jackal's eyes | the piece of meat | greedily property | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/17/141/