The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 21, sentence 117
The buffalo had fallen to the ground, dead, and with the wound in his head as before.
Who acts: buffalo · What happens: fall
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (buffalo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 buffalo | det |
| 2 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fallen | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 fallen | aux |
| 4 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 ground | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ground | det |
| 7 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fallen | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 dead | punct |
| 9 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ground | amod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 wound | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 wound | cc |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 wound | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 wound | det |
| 14 | wound | wound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fallen | parataxis |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 head | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 head | nmod:poss |
| 17 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 wound | nmod |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 before | case |
| 19 | before | before | ADV | _ | 4 fallen | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fallen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past · perfect | the buffalo | to the ground | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/21/117/