The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 22, sentence 38
The queen had never before heard an animal speak, and was struck dumb with surprise.
Who acts: queen · What happens: hear, strike · To what, where: animal speak
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (queen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 queen | det |
| 2 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | aux |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 before | advmod |
| 5 | before | before | ADV | _ | 6 heard | advmod |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 speak | det |
| 8 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 speak | compound |
| 9 | speak | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 struck | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 struck | cc |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 struck | aux:pass |
| 13 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 heard | conj |
| 14 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 struck | xcomp |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 surprise | case |
| 16 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 struck | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past · perfect | the queen | a animal speak | before property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer speak=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | strike | past · passive | the queen not said here | with surprise; dumb property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: with surprise=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/22/38/