The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 28, sentence 86
Certainly none could have guessed that they were the snails, water- rats, and grasshoppers from which she had chosen her retinue.
Who acts: hands, frog · What happens: guess, be, choose · To what, where: none, snails, retinue
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hands, frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 5 guessed | advmod |
| 2 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 5 guessed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 guessed | aux |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 guessed | aux |
| 5 | guessed | guess | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 snails | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 snails | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 snails | cop |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 snails | det |
| 10 | snails | snail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 guessed | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 rats | punct |
| 12 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 rats | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 water | punct |
| 14 | rats | rat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 snails | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 grasshoppers | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 grasshoppers | cc |
| 17 | grasshoppers | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 snails | conj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 which | case |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 chosen | obl |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 chosen | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 chosen | aux |
| 22 | chosen | choose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 grasshoppers | acl:relcl |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 retinue | nmod:poss |
| 24 | retinue | retinue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 chosen | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 guessed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | guess | could · perfect · passive | none | certainly property | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | hands = hand | the snails and water rats and grasshoppers | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | choose | past · perfect | frog | frog's retinue | from grasshoppers | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent retinue=Theme from which=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/28/86/