The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 30, sentence 103
As before, the cows were standing in the spot where he had left them, ready to set out.
Who acts: cows, friend · What happens: stand, leave, set out · To what, where: spot, cows
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cows, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 before | case |
| 2 | before | before | ADV | _ | 7 standing | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 before | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cows | det |
| 5 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 standing | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 standing | aux |
| 7 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 spot | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 spot | det |
| 10 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 standing | obl |
| 11 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 14 left | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 left | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 left | aux |
| 14 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 spot | acl:relcl |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 left | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 ready | punct |
| 17 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 standing | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 set | mark |
| 19 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 ready | xcomp |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 set | compound:prt |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 standing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past · progressive | the cows | the spot | before property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in spot=Location | |||
| 2 | leave | past · perfect | friend | cows = cow | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 3 | set out | to-infinitive | the cows not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/30/103/