The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 31, sentence 84
However, the stranger threatened to drag him before the king, and when the miser saw that there was no help for it he counted out the coins one by one.
Who acts: stranger, miser, help · What happens: threaten, drag, see, be, count out · To what, where: stranger, coins · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stranger, miser, help), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | However | however | ADV | _ | 5 threatened | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 However | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 stranger | det |
| 4 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 threatened | nsubj |
| 5 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 drag | mark |
| 7 | drag | drag | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 threatened | xcomp |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 drag | obj |
| 9 | before | before | ADP | _ | 11 king | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 king | det |
| 11 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 drag | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 saw | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 saw | cc |
| 14 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 saw | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 miser | det |
| 16 | miser | miser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 saw | nsubj |
| 17 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 threatened | conj |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 was | mark |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 was | expl |
| 20 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 saw | ccomp |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 help | det |
| 22 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 was | nsubj |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 it | case |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 help | nmod |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 counted | nsubj |
| 26 | counted | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 help | acl:relcl |
| 27 | out | out | ADP | _ | 26 counted | compound:prt |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 coins | det |
| 29 | coins | coin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 counted | obj |
| 30 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 coins | flat |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 one | case |
| 32 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 one | nmod |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 threatened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | threaten | past | the stranger | however property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | drag not said to happen | to-infinitive | the stranger not said here | stranger | before the king | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 3 | see | past | the miser | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | be | past | no help for miser | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | count out | past | help | the coins | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/31/84/