The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 34, sentence 86
The country round was covered with forests, in which dwelt all kinds of wild beasts, and the young man and his companions used to spend whole days in hunting them, and he was the finest hunter of all the tribe.
Who acts: young man, man · What happens: cover, dwell, use, spend, hunt, be · To what, where: country round, kinds, finest hunter
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 round | det |
| 2 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 round | compound |
| 3 | round | round | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | aux:pass |
| 5 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 forests | case |
| 7 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 covered | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 dwelt | punct |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 which | case |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 dwelt | nsubj |
| 11 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 covered | conj |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 kinds | det |
| 13 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 dwelt | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 beasts | case |
| 15 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 beasts | amod |
| 16 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 kinds | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 used | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 used | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 man | det |
| 20 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 man | amod |
| 21 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 used | nsubj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 companions | cc |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 companions | nmod:poss |
| 24 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 man | conj |
| 25 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 dwelt | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 spend | mark |
| 27 | spend | spend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 used | xcomp |
| 28 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 days | amod |
| 29 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 spend | obj |
| 30 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 31 hunting | mark |
| 31 | hunting | hunt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 spend | advcl |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 hunting | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 hunter | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 hunter | cc |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 hunter | nsubj |
| 36 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 hunter | cop |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 hunter | det |
| 38 | finest | fine | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 39 hunter | amod |
| 39 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 used | obl |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 tribe | case |
| 41 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 43 tribe | det:predet |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 tribe | det |
| 43 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 hunter | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past · passive | the country round | with forests | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with forest=Theme | ||||
| 2 | dwell | past | all kinds of wild beasts | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme kind=Location | |||||
| 3 | use | past | the young man and man's companions | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | spend | to-infinitive | the young man and man's companions not said here | day | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | hunt | gerund | the young man and man's companions not said here | kinds = kind | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is a | past | man | the finest hunter | of all tribe | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/34/86/