The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 13, sentence 15
Little did he guess that Geirald had done all he could to persuade Rosald to steal secretly out of the castle during the night, “for,” said he, “I don’t believe they are pages at all, but well-proved knights, and how can we, so young and untried, stand up against them?”
Who acts: king, Geirald, champions · What happens: guess, do, persuade, steal, say, not believe · To what, where: all, Rosald, castle, pages, knights · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Geirald, champions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 guess | ccomp |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 guess | aux |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 guess | nsubj |
| 4 | guess | guess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 done | mark |
| 6 | Geirald | Geirald | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 done | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 done | aux |
| 8 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 persuade | advcl |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 done | obj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 persuade | nsubj |
| 11 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 persuade | aux |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 persuade | mark |
| 13 | persuade | persuade | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 guess | parataxis |
| 14 | Rosald | Rosald | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 persuade | obj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 steal | mark |
| 16 | steal | steal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 persuade | advcl |
| 17 | secretly | secretly | ADV | _ | 16 steal | advmod |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 castle | case |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 castle | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 castle | det |
| 21 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 steal | obl |
| 22 | during | during | ADP | _ | 24 night | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 night | det |
| 24 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 steal | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 said | punct |
| 26 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 said | punct |
| 27 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 said | mark |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 for | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 for | punct |
| 30 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 guess | parataxis |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 said | nsubj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 believe | punct |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 believe | punct |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 believe | nsubj |
| 35 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 believe | aux |
| 36 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 believe | advmod |
| 37 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 said | ccomp |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 pages | nsubj |
| 39 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 pages | cop |
| 40 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 believe | ccomp |
| 41 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 all | case |
| 42 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 37 believe | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 proved | punct |
| 44 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 47 proved | cc |
| 45 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 47 proved | advmod |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 well | punct |
| 47 | proved | prove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 believe | parataxis |
| 48 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 proved | obj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 can | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 can | cc |
| 51 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 52 can | advmod |
| 52 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 47 proved | conj |
| 53 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 can | nsubj |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 young | punct |
| 55 | so | so | ADV | _ | 56 young | advmod |
| 56 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 guess | parataxis |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 untried | cc |
| 58 | untried | untried | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 56 young | conj |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 stand | punct |
| 60 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 guess | conj |
| 61 | up | up | ADP | _ | 60 stand | compound:prt |
| 62 | against | against | ADP | _ | 63 them | case |
| 63 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 stand | obl |
| 64 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 guess | punct |
| 65 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 guess | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | guess | past · do-support | king | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | do | past · perfect | Geirald | all | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | persuade | could | king | Rosald | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rosald=Patient | ||||
| 4 | steal | to-infinitive | king not said here | the castle | night | secretly property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out castle=Location | ||
| 5 | say speech: ask | past | king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | not believe in a quote | present · do-support | king | all | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | champions = champion | pages | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | prove in a quote | participle | knights | well property | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knight=Theme | ||||
| 9 | stand up in a quote | infinitive | king not said here | against champions = champion | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against they=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/13/15/