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The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15, sentence 37

While they were absent the little girl kept house alone, for her brother always got up before the dawn, when the air was fresh and cool, and drove out the cattle to the sweetest patches of grass he could find.

Who acts: fields, little girl, brother, air, cattle · What happens: be, keep, get up, drive out, find · To what, where: house, cattle, sweetest patches, grass

This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fields, little girl, brother, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

marknsubjcopdetamodnsubjaclobjadvmodpunctmarknmod:possnsubjadvmodparataxiscompound:prtcasedetoblpunctadvmoddetnsubjcopconjccconjpunctccconjcompound:prtdetobjcasedetamodoblcasenmodnsubjauxacl:relclpunctrootWhileSCONJtheyPRONwereAUXabsentADJtheDETlittleADJgirlNOUNkeptVERBhouseNOUNaloneADV,PUNCTforSCONJherPRONbrotherNOUNalwaysADVgotVERBupADPbeforeADPtheDETdawnNOUN,PUNCTwhenADVtheDETairNOUNwasAUXfreshADJandCCONJcoolADJ,PUNCTandCCONJdroveVERBoutADPtheDETcattleNOUNtoADPtheDETsweetestADJpatchesNOUNofADPgrassNOUNhePRONcouldAUXfindVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhilewhileSCONJ_4 absentmark
2theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs4 absentnsubj
3werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 absentcop
4absentabsentADJDegree=Posrootroot
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 girldet
6littlelittleADJDegree=Pos7 girlamod
7girlgirlNOUNNumber=Sing4 absentnsubj
8keptkeepVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass7 girlacl
9househouseNOUNNumber=Sing8 keptobj
10alonealoneADV_8 keptadvmod
11,,PUNCT_16 gotpunct
12forforSCONJ_16 gotmark
13herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs14 brothernmod:poss
14brotherbrotherNOUNNumber=Sing16 gotnsubj
15alwaysalwaysADVPronType=Tot16 gotadvmod
16gotgetVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 absentparataxis
17upupADP_16 gotcompound:prt
18beforebeforeADP_20 dawncase
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 dawndet
20dawndawnNOUNNumber=Sing16 gotobl
21,,PUNCT_26 freshpunct
22whenwhenADVPronType=Int26 freshadvmod
23thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art24 airdet
24airairNOUNNumber=Sing26 freshnsubj
25wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin26 freshcop
26freshfreshADJDegree=Pos16 gotconj
27andandCCONJ_28 coolcc
28coolcoolADJDegree=Pos26 freshconj
29,,PUNCT_31 drovepunct
30andandCCONJ_31 drovecc
31drovedriveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin16 gotconj
32outoutADP_31 drovecompound:prt
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 cattledet
34cattlecattleNOUNNumber=Sing31 droveobj
35totoADP_38 patchescase
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 patchesdet
37sweetestsweetADJDegree=Sup38 patchesamod
38patchespatchNOUNNumber=Plur31 droveobl
39ofofADP_40 grasscase
40grassgrassNOUNNumber=Sing38 patchesnmod
41hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs43 findnsubj
42couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin43 findaux
43findfindVERBVerbForm=Inf40 grassacl:relcl
44..PUNCT_4 absentpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastfields = fieldabsent propertytree rules
2keepparticiplethe little girl not said herehousealone propertyvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme
3get uppastgirl's brotherdawnalways propertyvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
4ispastthe airfresh propertytree rules
5bethe air not said heretree rules
6drive outpastgirl's brother not said herethe cattlethe sweetest patches of grassvn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme to patch=Trajectory
7findcouldcattlegrass not said herevn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/15/37/