The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 64
“I am afraid that you were not taught to speak the truth,” retorted the rock.
Who acts: rock, you · What happens: be, not teach, speak, retort · To what, where: you, truth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 afraid | nsubj |
| 3 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 afraid | cop |
| 4 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 retorted | ccomp |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 taught | mark |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 taught | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 taught | aux:pass |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 taught | advmod |
| 9 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 afraid | ccomp |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 speak | mark |
| 11 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 taught | xcomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 truth | det |
| 13 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 speak | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 afraid | punct |
| 16 | retorted | retort | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 rock | det |
| 18 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 retorted | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 retorted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | the rock = rock | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not teach speech: other in a quote | past · passive | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | speak speech: other in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | the truth | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | retort speech: other | past | the rock | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/16/64/