The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 22, sentence 67

“Can there be a fire?” he said to himself; “the sun never came in at this window before.

Who acts: fire, sun · What happens: be, say, not come in · To what, where: fire, window · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	10 said	punct
2	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 be	aux
3	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	4 be	expl
4	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 said	ccomp
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 fire	det
6	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 be	nsubj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 be	punct
8	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 be	punct
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 said	nsubj
10	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 himself	case
12	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 said	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 came	punct
14	“	"	PUNCT	_	18 came	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 sun	det
16	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 came	nsubj
17	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	18 came	advmod
18	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 said	conj
19	in	in	ADV	_	18 came	advmod
20	at	at	ADP	_	22 window	case
21	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 window	det
22	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 came	obl
23	before	before	ADV	_	18 came	advmod
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	can in a quote	can	a fire		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: ask	past	fire	fire			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic
3	not come in in a quote	past	the sun		this window	before property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at window=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/22/67/