The Brown Fairy Book, The Brown Fairy Book, part 26, sentence 61
He quickly unharnessed one of his reindeer and rode back along the way he had come, to find the sledge standing safe in the middle of the road; but as the fox had bitten off the cord close to the noose there was no means of moving it away.
Who acts: snow, sledge · What happens: unharness, ride back, come, find, stand, bite off · To what, where: one, way, sledge, cord
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Brown Fairy Book, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (snow, sledge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 unharnessed | nsubj |
| 2 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 3 unharnessed | advmod |
| 3 | unharnessed | unharness | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 was | advcl |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 unharnessed | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 reindeer | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 reindeer | nmod:poss |
| 7 | reindeer | reindeer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 one | nmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 rode | cc |
| 9 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 unharnessed | conj |
| 10 | back | back | ADV | _ | 9 rode | advmod |
| 11 | along | along | ADP | _ | 13 way | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 way | det |
| 13 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rode | obl |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 come | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 come | aux |
| 16 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 way | acl:relcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 find | punct |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 find | mark |
| 19 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 rode | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sledge | det |
| 21 | sledge | sledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 find | obj |
| 22 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 sledge | acl |
| 23 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 standing | xcomp |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 middle | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 middle | det |
| 26 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 safe | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 road | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 road | det |
| 29 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 middle | nmod |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 bitten | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 bitten | cc |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 34 fox | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 fox | det |
| 34 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 bitten | obl |
| 35 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 bitten | aux |
| 36 | bitten | bite | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 unharnessed | parataxis |
| 37 | off | off | ADP | _ | 39 cord | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 cord | det |
| 39 | cord | cord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 bitten | obl |
| 40 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 bitten | xcomp |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 noose | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 noose | det |
| 43 | noose | noose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 close | obl |
| 44 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 45 was | expl |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 means | nsubj |
| 46 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 47 means | nsubj |
| 47 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 48 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 49 moving | mark |
| 49 | moving | move | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 47 means | xcomp |
| 50 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 moving | obj |
| 51 | away | away | ADV | _ | 49 moving | advmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 47 means | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | unharness | past | snow | one of snow's reindeer | quickly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | ride back | past | snow not said here | the way | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along way=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | come | past · perfect | snow | the way not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme | ||||
| 4 | find | to-infinitive | snow not said here | the sledge | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sledge=Topic | ||||
| 5 | stand | gerund | the sledge not said here | safe property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | bite off | past · perfect | the cord | as the fox; close property | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cord=Patient | ||||
| 7 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 8 | move away not said to happen | gerund | sledge | away property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/26/61/