Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Turtle, sentence 31
But Patkasa tripped upon a stick and fell hard against the side of the deer.
Who acts: Patkasa · What happens: trip, fall · To what, where: stick, side
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Patkasa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 tripped | cc |
| 2 | Patkasa | Patkasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 tripped | nsubj |
| 3 | tripped | trip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 6 stick | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 stick | det |
| 6 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tripped | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 fell | cc |
| 8 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 tripped | conj |
| 9 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 fell | advmod |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 side | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 side | det |
| 12 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fell | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 deer | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 deer | det |
| 15 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 side | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tripped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trip | past | Patkasa | a stick | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon stick=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | fall | past | Patkasa not said here | the side of the deer | hard property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against side=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/10/31/