Old Indian Legends, Dance in a Buffalo Skull, sentence 24

A pack of wolves, fearing to come nigh this night fire, stood together a little distance away, and, turning their pointed noses to the stars, howled and yelped most dismally.

Who acts: pack · What happens: fear, come, stand together, turn, howl, yelp · To what, where: night fire, little distance, pointed noses, stars

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Dance in a Buffalo Skull. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pack	det
2	pack	pack	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 stood	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 wolves	case
4	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pack	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 fearing	punct
6	fearing	fear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 wolves	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 come	mark
8	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 fearing	xcomp
9	nigh	nigh	ADV	_	8 come	advmod
10	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 fire	det
11	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fire	compound
12	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 come	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 pack	punct
14	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	together	together	ADV	_	14 stood	advmod
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 distance	det
17	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 distance	amod
18	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 stood	obl
19	away	away	ADV	_	14 stood	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 turning	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 turning	cc
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 turning	punct
23	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 stood	parataxis
24	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 noses	nmod:poss
25	pointed	pointed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 noses	amod
26	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 turning	obj
27	to	to	ADP	_	29 stars	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 stars	det
29	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 turning	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 howled	punct
31	howled	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 stood	parataxis
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 yelped	cc
33	yelped	yelp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 howled	conj
34	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	35 dismally	advmod
35	dismally	dismally	ADV	_	33 yelped	advmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 stood	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	fear	gerund	a pack of wolves not said here				vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	come	to-infinitive	a pack of wolves not said here	this night fire		nigh property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fire=Theme
3	stand together	past	a pack of wolves	a little distance		away, together property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	turn	gerund		wolves's pointed noses	the stars		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent nose=Theme to star=Trajectory
5	howl	past					vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	yelp	past				dismally property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/11/24/