Old Indian Legends, Manstin, the Rabbit, sentence 30
“Henceforth we are friends, to help each other,” said Manstin, shaking a right hand in farewell.
Who acts: we, friends, Manstin · What happens: be, help, say, shake · To what, where: friends, each, right hand, farewell · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Manstin, the Rabbit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, friends, Manstin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 help | punct |
| 2 | Henceforth | henceforth | ADV | _ | 5 friends | advmod |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 friends | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 friends | cop |
| 5 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 help | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 help | punct |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 help | mark |
| 8 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 said | ccomp |
| 9 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 8 help | obj |
| 10 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 each | fixed |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 help | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 help | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | Manstin | Manstin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 shaking | punct |
| 16 | shaking | shake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 said | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 hand | det |
| 18 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 hand | amod |
| 19 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shaking | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 farewell | case |
| 21 | farewell | farewell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shaking | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | we | friends | henceforth property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | help in a quote | to-infinitive | friends | each | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Beneficiary | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Manstin | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | shake | gerund | Manstin not said here | a right hand | farewell | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hand=Theme in farewell=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/14/30/