Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 77
Opening wide his mouth he begged, “My friend, my friend, give me a bone to gnaw!”
Who acts: Iktomi, friend · What happens: open, beg, give, gnaw · To what, where: mouth, bone, Iktomi · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Opening | open | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 begged | csubj |
| 2 | wide | wide | ADV | _ | 1 Opening | advmod |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 4 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Opening | obj |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 begged | nsubj |
| 6 | begged | beg | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 give | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 give | punct |
| 9 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 friend | nmod:poss |
| 10 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 give | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 friend | punct |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 friend | nmod:poss |
| 13 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 friend | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 friend | punct |
| 15 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 begged | ccomp |
| 16 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 give | iobj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 bone | det |
| 18 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 give | obj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 gnaw | mark |
| 20 | gnaw | gnaw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 bone | acl |
| 21 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 15 give | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 give | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | gerund | Iktomi's mouth | wide property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mouth=Theme | ||||
| 2 | beg speech: request | past | Iktomi | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | give in a quote | infinitive | My friend and my friend | a bone | Iktomi | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient bone=Theme | |||
| 4 | gnaw in a quote | to-infinitive | My friend and my friend not said here | a bone not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/4/77/