Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 80

In the tree the muskrat sat laughing loud.

Who acts: muskrat · What happens: sit, laugh · To what, where: tree

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (muskrat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 tree	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tree	det
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sat	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 muskrat	det
5	muskrat	muskrat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sat	nsubj
6	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	laughing	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 sat	advcl
8	loud	loud	ADV	_	7 laughing	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sat	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past	the muskrat			the tree			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in tree=Location
2	laugh	gerund	the muskrat not said here					loud property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/4/80/