Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Muskrat, sentence 81
“Next time, say to a visiting friend, 'Be seated beside me, my friend.
Who acts: you · What happens: say, visit, seat · To what, where: visiting friend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Muskrat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 say | punct |
| 2 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 time | amod |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 say | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 time | punct |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 friend | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 friend | det |
| 8 | visiting | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 friend | amod |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 say | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 seated | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 seated | punct |
| 12 | Be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 seated | aux:pass |
| 13 | seated | seat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 say | advcl |
| 14 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 15 me | case |
| 15 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 seated | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 friend | punct |
| 17 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 friend | nmod:poss |
| 18 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 seated | vocative |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | imperative | you not said here | a visiting friend | time | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to friend=Recipient | |||
| 2 | visit in a quote | gerund | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | seat in a quote | infinitive · passive | you not said here | beside Iktomi; my friend vocative | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/4/81/