Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Coyote, sentence 42

He was falling, falling through space, and then he struck the ground with such a bump he did not wish to breathe for a while.

Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: fall, strike, not wish, breathe · To what, where: space, ground, bump

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 falling	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 falling	aux
3	falling	fall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 falling	punct
5	falling	fall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 falling	conj
6	through	through	ADP	_	7 space	case
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 falling	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 struck	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 struck	cc
10	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 struck	advmod
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 struck	nsubj
12	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 falling	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 ground	det
14	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 struck	obj
15	with	with	ADP	_	18 bump	case
16	such	such	DET	PronType=Ind	18 bump	det:predet
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 bump	det
18	bump	bump	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 struck	obl
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 wish	nsubj
20	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 wish	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 wish	advmod
22	wish	wish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 bump	acl:relcl
23	to	to	PART	_	24 breathe	mark
24	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 wish	xcomp
25	for	for	ADP	_	27 while	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 while	det
27	while	while	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 breathe	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 falling	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	past · progressive	Iktomi					vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fall	gerund	Iktomi not said here		space			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through space=Location
3	strike	past	Iktomi	the ground		then	with such bump	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent ground=Patient with bump=Instrument
4	not wish	past · do-support	Iktomi	such bump not said here				tree rules
5	breathe not said to happen	to-infinitive	Iktomi not said here			while		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/5/42/