Old Indian Legends, The Tree-bound, sentence 107

Rubbing it first on the grass and then on a piece of deerskin, he muttered indistinct words all the while.

Who acts: Iktomi · What happens: rub, mutter · To what, where: arrow, grass, indistinct words

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Tree-bound. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iktomi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rubbing	rub	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 muttered	advcl
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Rubbing	obj
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	1 Rubbing	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 grass	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 grass	det
6	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Rubbing	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 piece	cc
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 piece	advmod
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 piece	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 piece	det
11	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 grass	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 deerskin	case
13	deerskin	deerskin	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 piece	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Rubbing	punct
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 muttered	nsubj
16	muttered	mutter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
17	indistinct	indistinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 words	amod
18	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 muttered	obj
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	21 while	det:predet
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 while	det
21	while	while	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 muttered	obl:unmarked
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 muttered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	gerund	Iktomi not said here	arrow		the grass and a piece of deerskin		first property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on grass=Destination
2	mutter speech: assert	past	Iktomi	indistinct words			while		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/8/107/