The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 12, sentence 81
They never noticed that a beggar was sitting in the shade at the end of the bench, but Toueno’s sharp ears caught the sound of someone eating, and as soon as the farmers had gone into the inn he began to groan softly.
Who acts: Toueno, beggar, sharp ears, farmers · What happens: not notice, sit, catch, eat, go, begin · To what, where: shade, sound, inn · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toueno, beggar, sharp ears, farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 noticed | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 noticed | advmod |
| 3 | noticed | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 sitting | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 beggar | det |
| 6 | beggar | beggar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sitting | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sitting | aux |
| 8 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 noticed | ccomp |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 shade | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 shade | det |
| 11 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sitting | obl |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 end | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 end | det |
| 14 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sitting | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 bench | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 bench | det |
| 17 | bench | bench | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 end | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 caught | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 caught | cc |
| 20 | Toueno | Toueno | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 ears | nmod:poss |
| 21 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 20 Toueno | case |
| 22 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 ears | amod |
| 23 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 caught | nsubj |
| 24 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 noticed | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sound | det |
| 26 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 caught | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 someone | case |
| 28 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 26 sound | nmod |
| 29 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 someone | acl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 gone | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 gone | cc |
| 32 | as | as | ADV | _ | 33 soon | advmod |
| 33 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 gone | advmod |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 38 gone | mark |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 farmers | det |
| 36 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 gone | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 gone | aux |
| 38 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 caught | parataxis |
| 39 | into | into | ADP | _ | 41 inn | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 inn | det |
| 41 | inn | inn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 gone | obl |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 began | nsubj |
| 43 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 inn | acl:relcl |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 groan | mark |
| 45 | groan | groan | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 began | xcomp |
| 46 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 45 groan | advmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 noticed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not notice | past | Toueno | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | sit | past · progressive | a beggar | the shade | at the end of the bench | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location | |||
| 3 | catch | past | Toueno's sharp ears | the sound of someone | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme | ||||
| 4 | eat | gerund | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | go | past · perfect | the farmers | the inn | soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into inn=Initial_Location | |||
| 6 | begin | past | beggar | the inn not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | groan | to-infinitive | beggar not said here | softly property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/12/81/