The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 14
First one stone became untied and rolled away in a cloud of dust to one side of the road, whilst Moti nearly rolled off too, but clasped his steed valiantly by its ragged mane, and, dropping his staff, held on for dear life.
Who acts: Moti · What happens: untie, roll away, roll off, clasp, drop, hold on · To what, where: one stone, cloud, steed, staff, dust
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 2 one | advmod |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 stone | nummod |
| 3 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 untied | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 untied | aux:pass |
| 5 | untied | untie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 rolled | cc |
| 7 | rolled | roll | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 untied | conj |
| 8 | away | away | ADV | _ | 7 rolled | advmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 cloud | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 cloud | det |
| 11 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rolled | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 dust | case |
| 13 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cloud | nmod |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 side | case |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 side | nummod |
| 16 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cloud | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 road | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 road | det |
| 19 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 side | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 rolled | punct |
| 21 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 24 rolled | mark |
| 22 | Moti | Moti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 rolled | nsubj |
| 23 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 24 rolled | advmod |
| 24 | rolled | roll | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 untied | parataxis |
| 25 | off | off | ADP | _ | 24 rolled | compound:prt |
| 26 | too | too | ADV | _ | 24 rolled | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 clasped | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 clasped | cc |
| 29 | clasped | clasp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 rolled | conj |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 steed | nmod:poss |
| 31 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 clasped | obj |
| 32 | valiantly | valiantly | ADV | _ | 29 clasped | advmod |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 mane | case |
| 34 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 mane | nmod:poss |
| 35 | ragged | ragged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 mane | amod |
| 36 | mane | mane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 clasped | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 dropping | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 dropping | cc |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 dropping | punct |
| 40 | dropping | drop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 clasped | advcl |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 staff | nmod:poss |
| 42 | staff | staff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 dropping | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 held | punct |
| 44 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 dropping | conj |
| 45 | on | on | ADP | _ | 44 held | compound:prt |
| 46 | for | for | ADP | _ | 48 life | case |
| 47 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 life | amod |
| 48 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 held | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 untied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | untie | past · passive | one stone | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | roll away | participle | a cloud of dust to one side of the road | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cloud=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | roll off | past | Moti | nearly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | clasp | past | Moti not said here | Moti's steed | by stone's ragged mane; valiantly property | vn hold-15.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steed=Theme | |||
| 5 | drop | gerund | Moti not said here | Moti's staff | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent staff=Theme | ||||
| 6 | hold on | participle | Moti not said here | for dear life | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | cloud | dust | to one side of the road | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient to=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/16/14/