The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 23, sentence 24

Heaven only knows how they ever came there; perhaps they were brought by the winter storms.

Who acts: Heaven, bushes, winter storms · What happens: know, come, bring · To what, where: bushes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Heaven, bushes, winter storms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heaven	Heaven	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 knows	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 knows	advmod
3	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 came	advmod
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 came	nsubj
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 came	advmod
7	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 knows	ccomp
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 came	advmod
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 brought	punct
10	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	13 brought	advmod
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 brought	nsubj:pass
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 brought	aux:pass
13	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 knows	conj
14	by	by	ADP	_	17 storms	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 storms	det
16	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 storms	compound
17	storms	storm	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 brought	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 knows	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Heaven					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	come	past	bushes = bush		there	ever		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	bring	past · passive	the winter storms	bushes = bush			perhaps property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/23/24/