The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 30, sentence 52
Thereupon the thunder came, louder by far than I had expected to hear it, and after the thunder came the shower, but heavier by far than I had expected to feel it, for, of a truth I tell thee, Kai, not one of those hailstones would be stopped by skin or by flesh till it had reached the bone.
Who acts: thunder, I, skin · What happens: come, expect, hear, feel, tell, stop · To what, where: I, thunder, shower, thee, Kai · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thunder, I, skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thereupon | thereupon | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 thunder | det |
| 3 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 louder | punct |
| 6 | louder | loud | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 came | advmod |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 far | case |
| 8 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 louder | obl |
| 9 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 12 expected | mark |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 expected | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 expected | aux |
| 12 | expected | expect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 louder | advcl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 hear | mark |
| 14 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 expected | xcomp |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 hear | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 came | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 came | cc |
| 18 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 21 came | mark |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 thunder | det |
| 20 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 came | nsubj |
| 21 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 shower | det |
| 23 | shower | shower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 came | nsubj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 heavier | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 heavier | cc |
| 26 | heavier | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 came | parataxis |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 far | case |
| 28 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 26 heavier | obl |
| 29 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 32 expected | mark |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 expected | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 expected | aux |
| 32 | expected | expect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 heavier | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 feel | mark |
| 34 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 expected | xcomp |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 feel | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 tell | punct |
| 37 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 43 tell | mark |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 tell | punct |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 truth | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 truth | det |
| 41 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 tell | obl |
| 42 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 tell | nsubj |
| 43 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 expected | parataxis |
| 44 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 43 tell | iobj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 Kai | punct |
| 46 | Kai | Kai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 stopped | nsubj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 one | punct |
| 48 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 49 one | advmod |
| 49 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 46 Kai | appos |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 hailstones | case |
| 51 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 52 hailstones | det |
| 52 | hailstones | hailstone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 one | nmod |
| 53 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 55 stopped | aux |
| 54 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 55 stopped | aux:pass |
| 55 | stopped | stop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 tell | ccomp |
| 56 | by | by | ADP | _ | 57 skin | case |
| 57 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 stopped | obl |
| 58 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 60 flesh | cc |
| 59 | by | by | ADP | _ | 60 flesh | case |
| 60 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 skin | conj |
| 61 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 64 reached | mark |
| 62 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 reached | nsubj:pass |
| 63 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 64 reached | aux |
| 64 | reached | reach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 55 stopped | advcl |
| 65 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 bone | det |
| 66 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 reached | obj |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the thunder | thereupon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | expect | past · perfect · passive | I | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | hear not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | thunder | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | come | past | the thunder | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | expect | past · perfect · passive | I | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | feel not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | shower | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 7 | tell speech: assert | present | I | thee | of a truth | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 8 | stop | would · passive | skin or flesh | Kai | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 9 | reach | past · perfect · passive | thunder | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary bone=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/30/52/