The Lilac Fairy Book, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 9, sentence 103

‘I smell a stranger,’ cried the giant, as he entered; but it was dark inside the chasm, and he did not see the king, who was crouching down between the feet of the horses.

Who acts: I, rock, stranger, king · What happens: smell, cry, enter, be, not see, crouch down · To what, where: stranger, giant, chasm, king, feet

This is a sentence of «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Lilac Fairy Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, rock, stranger, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	3 smell	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 smell	nsubj
3	smell	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 cried	parataxis
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 stranger	det
5	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 smell	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 smell	punct
7	’	'	PUNCT	_	3 smell	punct
8	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 giant	det
10	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cried	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 entered	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 entered	mark
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 entered	nsubj
14	entered	enter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 cried	conj
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 dark	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	19 dark	cc
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 dark	nsubj
18	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 dark	cop
19	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cried	parataxis
20	inside	inside	ADP	_	22 chasm	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 chasm	det
22	chasm	chasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 dark	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 see	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 see	cc
25	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 see	nsubj
26	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 see	aux
27	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	28 see	advmod
28	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 dark	parataxis
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 king	det
30	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 see	obj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 crouching	punct
32	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	34 crouching	nsubj
33	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 crouching	aux
34	crouching	crouch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	30 king	acl:relcl
35	down	down	ADV	_	34 crouching	advmod
36	between	between	ADP	_	38 feet	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 feet	det
38	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 crouching	obl
39	of	of	ADP	_	41 horses	case
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 horses	det
41	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 feet	nmod
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 cried	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	smell	present	I	a stranger			vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stranger=Stimulus
2	cry speech: express	past		the giant			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent giant=Topic
3	enter	past	rock				vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	past	stranger		the chasm	dark property	tree rules
5	not see	past · do-support	rock	the king			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer king=Stimulus
6	crouch down	past · progressive	the king		the feet of the horses	down property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between foot=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Lilac Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3454 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3454/9/103/