Japanese Fairy Tales, by Yei Theodora Ozaki, sentence 1780
The old man did not in the least wish to lend it to his cruel neighbor, but he was too kind to refuse.
Who acts: man · What happens: not wish, lend, be, refuse · To what, where: least, dog, cruel neighbor
This is a sentence of «Japanese Fairy Tales, by Yei Theodora Ozaki», a book of tales from Project Gutenberg. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 did | nsubj |
| 4 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 wish | aux |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 wish | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 least | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 least | det |
| 8 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 9 wish | obl |
| 9 | wish | wish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 lend | mark |
| 11 | lend | lend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 wish | xcomp |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 lend | obj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 neighbor | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 neighbor | nmod:poss |
| 15 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 neighbor | amod |
| 16 | neighbor | neighbor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 lend | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 kind | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 kind | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 kind | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 kind | cop |
| 21 | too | too | ADV | _ | 22 kind | advmod |
| 22 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 wish | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 refuse | mark |
| 24 | refuse | refuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 kind | advcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 wish | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not wish | past · do-support | the least | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | lend not said to happen | to-infinitive | dog | man's cruel neighbor | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to neighbor=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is | past | man | kind property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | refuse | to-infinitive | man not said here | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Japanese Fairy Tales, by Yei Theodora Ozaki», Project Gutenberg book 4018 (public domain in the USA). Annotation: the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (mova-tales-silver-en.conllu), Apache-2.0 OR MIT: parsed by Mova, patched by a large language model as teacher under UD validation gates. Sentence gutenberg:pg4018:1780.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the tale's sample read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.3.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg4018/1780/