The Blue Fairy Book, The Story of Pretty Goldilocks, sentence 157
Charming knew he could not be far from the Gloomy Cavern, and on looking about him he saw a black hideous rock from which came a thick smoke, followed in a moment by one of the dragons with fire blazing from his mouth and eyes.
Who acts: Charming, man, black hideous rock, fire · What happens: know, not be, look, see, come, follow · To what, where: Gloomy Cavern, black hideous rock, thick smoke, mouth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Pretty Goldilocks. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charming, man, black hideous rock, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Charming | Charming | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 knew | nsubj |
| 2 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 Cavern | nsubj |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 Cavern | aux |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 Cavern | advmod |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 Cavern | cop |
| 7 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 Cavern | advmod |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 Cavern | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Cavern | det |
| 10 | Gloomy | Gloomy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Cavern | compound |
| 11 | Cavern | Cavern | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 knew | ccomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 saw | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 saw | cc |
| 14 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 15 looking | mark |
| 15 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 saw | advcl |
| 16 | about | about | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 looking | obl |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 saw | nsubj |
| 19 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 knew | conj |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 rock | det |
| 21 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rock | amod |
| 22 | hideous | hideous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 rock | amod |
| 23 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | obj |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 which | case |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 came | nsubj |
| 26 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 rock | acl:relcl |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 smoke | det |
| 28 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 smoke | amod |
| 29 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 came | nsubj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 followed | punct |
| 31 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 smoke | acl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 moment | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 moment | det |
| 34 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 followed | obl |
| 35 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 one | case |
| 36 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 followed | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 dragons | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 dragons | det |
| 39 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 one | nmod |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 fire | case |
| 41 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 dragons | nmod |
| 42 | blazing | blaze | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 fire | acl |
| 43 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 mouth | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 45 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 blazing | obl |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 eyes | cc |
| 47 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 mouth | conj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Charming | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | not is | could | man | the Gloomy Cavern | far property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | look | gerund | man not said here | about man | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent about he=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | past | man | a black hideous rock | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rock=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | come | past | a black hideous rock | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | follow | participle | a thick smoke not said here | moment | by one of the dragons with fire | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by one=Location | |||
| 7 | blaze | gerund | fire not said here | man's mouth and eyes | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Blue Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 503 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg503/28/157/