The Red Fairy Book, Kari Woodengown, part 2, sentence 92
Drakestail was very little, that is why he was called Drakestail; but tiny as he was he had brains, and he knew what he was about, for having begun with nothing he ended by amassing a hundred crowns.
Who acts: Drakestail, that · What happens: be, call, know, begin, end, amass · To what, where: DRAKESTAIL, hundred crowns · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Kari Woodengown, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Drakestail, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Drakestail | Drakestail | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 little | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 little | cop |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 little | advmod |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 why | punct |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 why | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 why | cop |
| 8 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 little | parataxis |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 called | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 called | aux:pass |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 why | advcl:relcl |
| 12 | Drakestail | Drakestail | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 called | xcomp |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 tiny | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 tiny | cc |
| 15 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 little | conj |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 had | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 had | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 had | cop |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 had | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 tiny | advcl |
| 21 | brains | brain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 had | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 knew | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 knew | cc |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 knew | nsubj |
| 25 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 little | parataxis |
| 26 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 25 knew | obj |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 about | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 about | cop |
| 29 | about | about | ADV | _ | 26 what | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 begun | punct |
| 31 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 33 begun | mark |
| 32 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 begun | aux |
| 33 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 knew | parataxis |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 nothing | case |
| 35 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 33 begun | obl |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 ended | nsubj |
| 37 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 nothing | acl:relcl |
| 38 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 39 amassing | mark |
| 39 | amassing | amass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 ended | advcl |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 hundred | det |
| 41 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 crowns | nummod |
| 42 | crowns | crown | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 amassing | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 little | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Drakestail | little property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | that | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | call | past · passive | DRAKESTAIL | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 4 | be | Drakestail not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | is | past | DRAKESTAIL | have property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | know | past | DRAKESTAIL | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | is | past | DRAKESTAIL | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | begin | gerund · perfect | with nothing | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with nothing=Subeventuality | |||||
| 9 | end | past | DRAKESTAIL | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 10 | amass | gerund | DRAKESTAIL not said here | hundred crowns | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crown=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Red Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 540 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg540/30/92/