The Pink Fairy Book, The Pink Fairy Book, part 16, sentence 20
‘What is it?’ cried Ivan, crossing himself.
What happens: be, cry, cross · To what, where: surprise, Ivan, Marie
This is a sentence of «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Pink Fairy Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 it | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 it | cop |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 cried | obl |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 it | punct |
| 6 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 it | punct |
| 7 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Ivan | Ivan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 cried | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 crossing | punct |
| 10 | crossing | cross | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 cried | advcl |
| 11 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 10 crossing | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | surprise | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | Ivan | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ivan=Topic | |||||
| 3 | cross | gerund | Marie | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Pink Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 5615 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg5615/16/20/