Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 81
As far as an analytic language, like modern English, can render so highly inflected a tongue as Russian, the translator has tried to keep strictly to the style and diction of the originals, which are the undoctored traditional stories.
Who acts: Russian, originals · What happens: render, inflect, try, keep, be · To what, where: tongue, translator, undoctored traditional stories
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russian, originals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 far | advmod |
| 2 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 render | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 language | case |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 language | det |
| 5 | analytic | analytic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 language | amod |
| 6 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 far | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 English | punct |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 English | case |
| 9 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 English | amod |
| 10 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 language | appos |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 far | punct |
| 12 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 render | aux |
| 13 | render | render | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 inflected | advmod |
| 15 | highly | highly | ADV | _ | 16 inflected | advmod |
| 16 | inflected | inflect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 render | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 tongue | det |
| 18 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 inflected | obj |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 20 Russian | case |
| 20 | Russian | Russian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 inflected | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tried | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 translator | det |
| 23 | translator | translator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tried | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 tried | aux |
| 25 | tried | try | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 Russian | acl:relcl |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 keep | mark |
| 27 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 tried | xcomp |
| 28 | strictly | strictly | ADV | _ | 27 keep | advmod |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 style | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 style | det |
| 31 | style | style | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 keep | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 diction | cc |
| 33 | diction | diction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 style | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 originals | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 originals | det |
| 36 | originals | original | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 diction | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 stories | punct |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 stories | nsubj |
| 39 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 stories | cop |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 stories | det |
| 41 | undoctored | undoctored | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 stories | amod |
| 42 | traditional | traditional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 stories | amod |
| 43 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 originals | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 render | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | render | can | far property | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | inflect | participle | a tongue | as Russian; highly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | try | present · perfect · passive | Russian not said here | the translator | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | keep not said to happen | to-infinitive | Russian not said here | to the style and diction of the originals and the undoctored traditional stories; strictly property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | the originals and the undoctored traditional stories | the undoctored traditional stories | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/1/81/