Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 10, sentence 81
And as he went on the road and way—it may be near, it may be far, it may be high, it may be low, the tale is soon told, but the deed is not soon done—at last he reached an open field and green meadows.
Who acts: IVÁN, way · What happens: go, be, tell, not do, reach · To what, where: road, tale, deed, open field, last · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (IVÁN, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 went | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 went | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 road | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 road | det |
| 7 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 way | cc |
| 9 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 road | conj |
| 10 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 near | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 near | nsubj |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 near | aux |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 near | cop |
| 14 | near | near | ADV | _ | 4 went | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 far | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 far | nsubj |
| 17 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 far | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 far | cop |
| 19 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 near | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 far | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 high | nsubj |
| 22 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 high | aux |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 high | cop |
| 24 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 went | parataxis |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 low | punct |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 low | nsubj |
| 27 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 low | aux |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 low | cop |
| 29 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 high | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 told | punct |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 tale | det |
| 32 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 told | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 told | aux:pass |
| 34 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 35 told | advmod |
| 35 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 low | parataxis |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 done | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 43 done | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 deed | det |
| 39 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 done | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 done | aux:pass |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 done | advmod |
| 42 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 43 done | advmod |
| 43 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 told | conj |
| 44 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 reached | punct |
| 45 | at | at | ADP | _ | 46 last | case |
| 46 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 reached | obl |
| 47 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 reached | nsubj |
| 48 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 done | advcl |
| 49 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 field | det |
| 50 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 field | amod |
| 51 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 reached | obj |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 meadows | cc |
| 53 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 meadows | amod |
| 54 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 field | conj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | IVÁN = iván | the road and way | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on road=Location | ||||
| 2 | is | may | way | near property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | may | way | far property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | may | way | high property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is | may | way | low property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | present · passive | the tale | soon property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | not do | present · passive | the deed | soon property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | reach | past | IVÁN = iván | a open field and green meadows | last | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent field=Theme at last=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/10/81/