Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 22
The grey Wolf asked him, “Why are you weeping, Tsarévich?”
Who acts: grey Wolf, Iván · What happens: ask, weep · To what, where: Iván, Tsarévich · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grey Wolf, Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Wolf | det |
| 2 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Wolf | amod |
| 3 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 asked | nsubj |
| 4 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 asked | iobj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 weeping | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 weeping | punct |
| 8 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 weeping | advmod |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 weeping | aux |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 weeping | nsubj |
| 11 | weeping | weep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 asked | ccomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Tsarévich | punct |
| 13 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 weeping | obj |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 13 Tsarévich | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 weeping | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the grey Wolf | Iván | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | weep in a quote | present · progressive | Iván | Tsarévich | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tsarévich=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/22/