Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 11, sentence 24
I love Princess Eléna the Fair with all my heart, and now I must give her up to Tsar Afrón in exchange for the golden-maned horse: and, if I do not give her up, then Tsar Afrón will dishonour me throughout all the kingdoms.”
Who acts: I, Tsar · What happens: love, give up, not give up, dishonour · To what, where: Princess Eléna, Fair, exchange, me
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 love | nsubj |
| 2 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Eléna | compound |
| 4 | Eléna | Eléna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 love | obj |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Fair | det |
| 6 | Fair | Fair | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Eléna | appos |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 heart | case |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 heart | det:predet |
| 9 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 heart | nmod:poss |
| 10 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 love | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 give | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 give | cc |
| 13 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 give | advmod |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 give | nsubj |
| 15 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 give | aux |
| 16 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 love | parataxis |
| 17 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 give | iobj |
| 18 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 give | compound:prt |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 Tsar | case |
| 20 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 give | obl |
| 21 | Afrón | Afrón | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Tsar | flat |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 exchange | case |
| 23 | exchange | exchange | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 give | obl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 horse | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 horse | det |
| 26 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 horse | amod |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 golden | punct |
| 28 | maned | maned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 horse | amod |
| 29 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 exchange | nmod |
| 30 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 45 dishonour | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 dishonour | cc |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 and | punct |
| 33 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 37 give | mark |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 give | nsubj |
| 35 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 give | aux |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 give | advmod |
| 37 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 45 dishonour | advcl |
| 38 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 give | iobj |
| 39 | up | up | ADP | _ | 37 give | compound:prt |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 dishonour | punct |
| 41 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 45 dishonour | advmod |
| 42 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 dishonour | nsubj |
| 43 | Afrón | Afrón | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Tsar | flat |
| 44 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 dishonour | aux |
| 45 | dishonour | dishonour | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 love | parataxis |
| 46 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 45 dishonour | obj |
| 47 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 50 kingdoms | case |
| 48 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 50 kingdoms | det:predet |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 kingdoms | det |
| 50 | kingdoms | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 dishonour | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 love | punct |
| 52 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 love | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | love | present | I | Princess Eléna | with my heart | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eléna=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | give up | must | I | Fair | exchange for the golden maned horse | now | to Tsar | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to tsar=Recipient | |
| 3 | not give up a condition, not said to happen | present · do-support | I | Fair | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Source | ||||
| 4 | dishonour | future | Tsar | me | throughout all kingdoms; then | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/11/24/