Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 111
And, as he trudged on, he soon came across another poor beggar, who bowed down low and asked for alms.
Who acts: end, poor beggar · What happens: trudge on, come, bow down, ask · To what, where: poor beggar
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (end, poor beggar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 came | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 And | punct |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 trudged | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 trudged | nsubj |
| 5 | trudged | trudge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 came | advcl |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 trudged | compound:prt |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 trudged | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 came | nsubj |
| 9 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 came | advmod |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | across | across | ADP | _ | 14 beggar | case |
| 12 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 beggar | det |
| 13 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 beggar | amod |
| 14 | beggar | beggar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 came | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 bowed | punct |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 bowed | nsubj |
| 17 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 beggar | acl:relcl |
| 18 | down | down | ADV | _ | 19 low | advmod |
| 19 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 bowed | xcomp |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 asked | cc |
| 21 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 bowed | conj |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 alms | case |
| 23 | alms | alm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 asked | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trudge on | past | end | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | come | past | end | another poor beggar | soon property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across beggar=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | bow down | past | another poor beggar | low property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | another poor beggar not said here | for alms | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/111/