Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 112
So the soldier gave him another biscuit, and had only one left.
Who acts: soldier · What happens: give, have, leave · To what, where: biscuit, end, one
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 gave | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 soldier | det |
| 3 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gave | iobj |
| 6 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 biscuit | det |
| 7 | biscuit | biscuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 had | cc |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | conj |
| 11 | only | only | ADV | _ | 12 one | advmod |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 had | obj |
| 13 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 one | acl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the soldier | another biscuit | end | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient biscuit=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | the soldier not said here | one | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | ||||
| 3 | leave | participle | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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