Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 13
Now the pope had two biscuits, and his new friend had two wafers.
Who acts: pope, new friend · What happens: have · To what, where: two biscuits, two wafers
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pope, new friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 had | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 pope | det |
| 3 | pope | pope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 biscuits | nummod |
| 6 | biscuits | biscuit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 had | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 had | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 had | cc |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 friend | nmod:poss |
| 10 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 friend | amod |
| 11 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 had | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 had | conj |
| 13 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 wafers | nummod |
| 14 | wafers | wafer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 had | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the pope | two biscuits | now | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient | |||
| 2 | have | past | pope's new friend | two wafers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wafer=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/13/