Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 12, sentence 56
So they went on and went on, and they arrived at another kingdom in which there also was a princess on the verge of death, and the Tsar promised any one who should cure her half of his realm and rule and reign; but any one who failed was to have his head cut off.
Who acts: henchmen, Tsar, one, head · What happens: go on, arrive, be, promise, cure, fail · To what, where: kingdom, princess, one, half
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (henchmen, Tsar, one, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 went | cc |
| 6 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 7 | on | on | ADV | _ | 6 went | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 arrived | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 arrived | cc |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 arrived | nsubj |
| 11 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 kingdom | case |
| 13 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 kingdom | det |
| 14 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 arrived | obl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 which | case |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 princess | obl |
| 17 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 princess | advmod |
| 18 | also | also | ADV | _ | 21 princess | advmod |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 princess | cop |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 princess | det |
| 21 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 kingdom | nmod |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 verge | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 verge | det |
| 24 | verge | verge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 princess | nmod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 death | case |
| 26 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 verge | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 promised | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 promised | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Tsar | det |
| 30 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 promised | nsubj |
| 31 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 33 one | det |
| 33 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 promised | obj |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 cure | nsubj |
| 35 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 cure | aux |
| 36 | cure | cure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 one | acl:relcl |
| 37 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 half | nmod:poss |
| 38 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 36 cure | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 realm | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 realm | nmod:poss |
| 41 | realm | realm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 half | nmod |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 rule | cc |
| 43 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 realm | conj |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 reign | cc |
| 45 | reign | reign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 rule | conj |
| 46 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 54 have | punct |
| 47 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 54 have | cc |
| 48 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 49 one | det |
| 49 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 have | nsubj |
| 50 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 failed | nsubj |
| 51 | failed | fail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 one | acl:relcl |
| 52 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 have | aux |
| 53 | to | to | PART | _ | 54 have | mark |
| 54 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | parataxis |
| 55 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 56 head | nmod:poss |
| 56 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 cut | nsubj |
| 57 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 have | parataxis |
| 58 | off | off | ADP | _ | 57 cut | compound:prt |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | past | henchmen = henchman | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | go on | past | henchmen = henchman not said here | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | arrive | past | henchmen = henchman | another kingdom | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | a princess | another kingdom; there | on the verge of death | tree rules | |||
| 5 | promise speech: promise | past | the Tsar | any one | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 6 | cure | should | any one | Tsar's half of pope's realm and rule and reign | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer half=Source | ||||
| 7 | fail | past | any one | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | have | past | any one | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | cut off | past | pope's head | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/12/56/