Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 14, sentence 72
But the stepmother had told her to put the light out as though by accident.
Who acts: stepmother · What happens: tell, put out · To what, where: stepmother, candle, light · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stepmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 told | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 stepmother | det |
| 3 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 told | aux |
| 5 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 told | iobj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 put | mark |
| 8 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 told | xcomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 light | det |
| 10 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 put | obj |
| 11 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 put | compound:prt |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | _ | 13 though | advmod |
| 13 | though | though | ADV | _ | 8 put | advmod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 accident | case |
| 15 | accident | accident | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 put | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | the stepmother | candle | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | put out not said to happen | to-infinitive | the stepmother not said here | the light | by accident; though property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent light=Theme by accident=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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