Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 130
And when they were on the way there was a grey wolf sitting on a knoll.
Who acts: Apostles, grey wolf · What happens: be, sit · To what, where: way, knoll
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apostles, grey wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 way | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 way | advmod |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 way | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 way | cop |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 way | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 way | det |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 9 was | expl |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 way | acl:relcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 wolf | det |
| 11 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 wolf | amod |
| 12 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 was | nsubj |
| 13 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 wolf | acl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 knoll | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 knoll | det |
| 16 | knoll | knoll | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sitting | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 way | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Apostles = apostle | the way | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | sit | gerund | a grey wolf not said here | a knoll | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on knoll=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/15/130/