Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 24
The old man gave her the piece, and she planted it; and a bush with sweet berries grew up, with little birds singing on it, singing songs fit for kings and peasants.
Who acts: old man, Márya, bush, little birds, singing songs · What happens: give, plant, grow up, sing, fit · To what, where: piece, Márya, bush
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, Márya, bush, little birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gave | iobj |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 piece | det |
| 7 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 planted | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 planted | cc |
| 10 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 planted | nsubj |
| 11 | planted | plant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | conj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 planted | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 grew | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 bush | cc |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 bush | det |
| 16 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 grew | nsubj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 berries | case |
| 18 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 berries | amod |
| 19 | berries | berry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 bush | nmod |
| 20 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | conj |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 grew | compound:prt |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 birds | punct |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 birds | case |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 birds | amod |
| 25 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 grew | obl |
| 26 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 birds | acl |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 it | case |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 singing | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 fit | punct |
| 30 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 songs | amod |
| 31 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 fit | nsubj |
| 32 | fit | fit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 grew | advcl |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 kings | case |
| 34 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 fit | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 peasants | cc |
| 36 | peasants | peasant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 kings | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the old man | the piece | Márya | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient piece=Theme | |||
| 2 | plant | past | Márya | piece | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 3 | grow up | past | a bush with sweet berries | with little birds | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | gerund | little birds not said here | bush | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Location | ||||
| 5 | sing speech: express | gerund | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | fit | present | singing songs | for kings and peasants | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/2/24/