Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 25
Now Iván Tsarévich had heard of Márya Tsarévna, went to her stepmother, laid a bowl on the table, and said: “Whichever of the maidens brings me the bowl full of berries, I will marry.”
Who acts: Iván, Whichever, I · What happens: hear, go, lay, say, bring, marry · To what, where: bowl, table, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, Whichever, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 heard | advmod |
| 2 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Iván | flat |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 heard | aux |
| 5 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Márya | case |
| 7 | Márya | Márya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 heard | obl |
| 8 | Tsarévna | Tsarévna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Márya | flat |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 went | punct |
| 10 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 heard | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 stepmother | case |
| 12 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 stepmother | nmod:poss |
| 13 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 went | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 laid | punct |
| 15 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 went | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 bowl | det |
| 17 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 laid | obj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 table | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 table | det |
| 20 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 laid | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 said | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 said | cc |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 went | conj |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 brings | punct |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 brings | punct |
| 26 | Whichever | whichever | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 brings | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 maidens | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 maidens | det |
| 29 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 Whichever | nmod |
| 30 | brings | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 said | ccomp |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 brings | iobj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 bowl | det |
| 33 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 brings | obj |
| 34 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 bowl | amod |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 berries | case |
| 36 | berries | berry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 full | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 marry | punct |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 marry | nsubj |
| 39 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 marry | aux |
| 40 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 brings | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 heard | punct |
| 42 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past · perfect | Iván | now | of Márya | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of márya=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | go | past | to Márya's stepmother | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to stepmother=Initial_Location | |||||
| 3 | lay | past | a bowl | the table | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bowl=Theme on table=Destination | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 5 | bring in a quote | present | Whichever of the maidens | the bowl | me | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination bowl=Theme | |||
| 6 | marry in a quote | future | I | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/2/25/